Abstract:

Bridges are vital components of transportation infrastructure, and their structural integrity is crucial for public safety and economic sustainability. Aging bridges, increased traffic loads, and environmental factors can accelerate structural deterioration, making timely inspection and maintenance essential. This study investigates the application of structural health monitoring (SHM) combined with vibration analysis as a non-destructive approach to assess the condition of bridges. By employing advanced techniques such as accelerometer-based modal analysis, finite element modeling, and laser scanning, this research evaluates the dynamic response and load-carrying capacity of selected bridge structures. Experimental data from real-life bridges under operational loads were collected and analyzed to identify anomalies, modal frequencies, and potential damage locations. The results indicate that variations in natural frequencies and damping ratios can be effectively correlated with structural degradation. Additionally, the study demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating non-destructive methods with predictive maintenance strategies to prioritize repairs and extend the service life of bridges. A conceptual framework for real-time monitoring using wireless sensor networks is also proposed, which can enable continuous assessment without traffic disruption. This research provides actionable insights for civil engineers, infrastructure managers, and policymakers to implement cost-effective, data-driven bridge maintenance programs that enhance safety, reliability, and lifespan.

Keywords: Structural Health Monitoring, Vibration Analysis, Non-Destructive Testing, Bridge Safety, Modal Analysis, Predictive Maintenance, Civil Infrastructure